In the last decade, astronomy has witnessed the extraordinary discovery of new planets orbiting stars in distant galaxies. With advances in telescope technology and data analysis methods, scientists have discovered many interesting exoplanets. One of the most commonly used methods for detecting new planets is the transit method, in which the light of the star behind the planet can decrease as the planet crosses the star’s position from the perspective of an observer on Earth. The first discovery of a planet outside our solar system occurred in 1992, and since then, more than 5,000 exoplanets have been identified by researchers from around the world. These discoveries provide new insight into the diversity of planets, including Earth-sized planets, gas giants, and planets with exotic atmospheres. Each discovery presents an opportunity to answer fundamental questions about life beyond Earth. One of the most exciting discoveries is a planet located within the habitable zone in a distant galaxy. This zone is the area around a star where temperatures allow the presence of liquid water, which is thought to be essential for life. For example, planets such as Kepler-186f, located about 500 cahir years from Earth, are similar in size and position to Earth. This finding raises speculation about the potential for life in outer space. Each discovery of a new planet also provides clues about the composition of the atmosphere that planet might have. Through observing star spectra and analyzing data, astronomers can determine whether certain planets have elements that support life, such as oxygen and methane. This study of the atmosphere has become increasingly in-depth with the use of instruments such as the Hubble Space Telescope and the newer James Webb Telescope. In the search for new planets, scientists do not rely on just one method. The radial velocity method is also important, which involves measuring the motion of a star under the gravitational influence of an orbiting planet. This method helps confirm the existence of the planet and helps in determining the mass and size of the planet. The discovery of new planets in distant galaxies is not only of interest to scientists, but also to the general public. With the advancement of science, people are increasingly connected to the mysteries of the universe. This sparked a lot of discussion about the possibility that we are not the only life form in the universe. Openness and appreciation for these discoveries invites us to reflect on our position on the cosmic scale. Each new discovery paves the way for further research. Planned future space missions, such as missions to the moon Europa, Saturn’s moons, or exploration missions to Mars, aim to search for signs of life and gain new insights about the planets and moons in our solar system as well as planets far beyond. Discussions about exoplanets will continue to grow as new discoveries and data processing algorithms become increasingly sophisticated. Advances in astronomy and space exploration have not only brought us closer to the discovery of new planets, but have also increased our understanding of the origins and evolution of the universe. This discovery marks the beginning of a new era in space exploration, in which we may be able to answer some fundamental questions about life, existence, and the future of humanity in the vast universe.